Letters, 1872-1886.

Newberry Library

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The Newberry was founded on July 1, 1887 and opened for business on September 6 of that year. The Newberry’s establishment came about because of a contingent provision in the will of Chicago businessman Walter L. Newberry (1804-68), which left what later amounted to approximately $2.2 million for the foundation of a “free, public” library on the north side of the Chicago River, if his two children died without issue. After the deaths of Mr. Newberry’s daughters and then, in 1885, of his widow, t...

Edward E. Ayer Manuscript Collection (Newberry Library)

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Baird, Spencer Fullerton, 1823-1887

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At only 27, the ornithologist Spencer Fullerton Baird (1823-1887) was appointed Assistant Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, a precocious appointment that suited a precocious scientist. Born into a well to do family in Reading, Pa., and raised in Carlisle, Baird acquired an interest in natural history even prior to enrolling at Dickinson College at age 13. Although he was not an outstanding student, he was unusually committed to his course in life, keeping meticulous notes of ...

Lacombe, Albert, 1827?-1916

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Oblate missionary to the Cree Indians and other tribes of western Canada; author of Dictionnaire et grammaire de la langue des Cris (1874). From the description of Letters, 1872-1886. (Newberry Library). WorldCat record id: 38179051 ...

Pilling, James Constantine, 1846-1895

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Canadian geologist Robert Bell directed the Geological Survey of Canada from 1901-1906. From the guide to the Robert Bell correspondence, 1874-1908, 1874-1908, (American Philosophical Society) Ethnologist, linguist, and bibliographer. From his participation in J.W. Powell's 1875 Rocky Mountain survey team until 1880, Pilling remained almost continuosly in the West, tabulating vocabularies of the Indian tribes. In 1885, the Smithsonian issued his "Pro...

Smithsonian Institution

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The Smithsonian Institution was established on August 10, 1846, is a group of museums and research centers administered by the United States government. The institution is named after its founding donor, British scientist James Smithson. Originally organized as the United States National Museum.James Smithson (1765-1829), a British scientist, left his estate to the United States to found “at Washington, under the name of the Smithsonian Institution, an establishment for the increase and diffusio...

Henry, Joseph, 1797-1878

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Joseph Henry (1797-1878, APS 1835), a physicist, was the first secretary and director of the Smithsonian Institution, a post he retained for over three decades. Henry was a leading experimental scientist whose contributions include several discoveries in the field of electromagnetics. He has been credited with the invention of the electromagnet and the telegraph, among other things. Henry was born in 1797 in Albany, New York, the son of William Henry, a teamster, and his wife An...